The Zoopraxinoscope (1878 introduced by Eadweard Muybridge)
Eadweard Muybridge was studying the dynamics of human and animal movement. After years of efforts to capture movement, he developed a system of twelve cameras in a row with trip-wires connected to their shutter. Each camera took a picture when an animal or human passing in front of them tripped its wire.
The result was sequential images of progressive motion. He projected those moving images with the Zoopraxinoscope, which he developed based on Horner's Praxinoscope.
The following is a filmstrip made from a chronophotography by Muybridge.
Scroll the bar to see the filmstrip move as it would in the Zoopraxinoscope. Try to find the correct speed, in order to see the animation correctly. It is a 12frames-per-second animation.